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 Introduction  of Optochin Sensitivity Test Use of optochin sensitivity test in blood agar at the time of inoculating sputum specimen; this is doing so because of sputum carrying numerous normal flora and the optochin disk is put on a secondary zone of streaking. The optochin is also called ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride. Principle of Optochin Sensitivity Test The technique applying so for the presumptive identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae , which is optochin-sensitive, from other alpha -haemolytic streptococci, which are resistant since, in the...

Cold staining for Mycobacterium lepare Principle of Staining of Mycobacterium leprae Mycobacterium leprae  (that cause leprosy) are extremely difficult to stain by ordinary methods because of the lipid-containing cell walls. They bind carbol -fuchsin tightly and resist destaining with strong decolorizing agents such as alcohol and strong acids. Acid-fast-negative bacteria readily lose the stain when treated with an acid-alcohol solution. The cold stain method is used for the detection of M. leprae and Nocardia asteroides (weakly acid-fast). Carbol-...

Introduction of Morgenella Morgenella morganii is a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae which was earlier called Proteus morganii. This genus Morgenella has only one species, M. morganii. It can be found in human and animal tissues and sewage, soil, and water. Pathogenecity of Morgenella It cause rarely urinary tract infections (UTI),hospital-acquired infections and it has also been reported as causing diarrhea in infants. Laboratory Diagnosis  of Morgenella Gram stain: Gram-negative bacilli Culture: Non-lactose fermenting colonies on MacConkey agar. Blood agar is...