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RF Test: Introduction, Principle, Testing Procedure, Result Interpretation, Normal Range and Clinical Significance
Introduction of RF Test RF test uses to detect autoantibody of rheumatoid factor. RF stands for rheumatoid factor. Rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder that may affect many tissues and organs like skin, blood vessels, heart, lungs, and muscles but particularly attacks joints, producing a suppurative proliferative and inflammatory synovitis that often progresses to destruction of the articular cartilage and ankylosing of joints. Rheumatoid factor (RF) is common in about 1% population. It...
C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Test: Introduction, Principle, Testing Procedure, Result Interpretation, Normal Range and Clinical Significance
Introduction of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Test C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and it is a carbohydrate reactive protein. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Test was so named because it was first identified as a substance in the serum of patients with acute inflammation that reacted with the somatic ‘C’ carbohydrate antigen of Pneumococcus. Discovered by Tillett and Francis in 1930. Synthesized by hepatocytes. CRP is an annular pentameric protein found in plasma, whose levels rise in response to inflammation. Molecular Weight 25,106 Dalton. An acute-phase protein of hepatic origin that increases...
ASO Test: Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Normal Range, Result Interpretation and Keynotes
Introduction of ASO Test ASO stands for Antistreptococcal O and it is an antibody targeted against streptolysin O, a toxic enzyme produced by group A Streptococcus bacterium. ASO and anti -DNase are the most common of several antibodies that are produced by the body's immune system in response to a strep infection with group A Streptococcus. This test measures the amount of ASO in the blood. The toxin of S. pyogenes (hemolysin) is of further two types and they are streptolysin O and streptolysin S. Streptolysin O: It...