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Introduction of Colony Characteristics Colony characteristics or morphology of bacteria is the most common diagnostic method in bacteriology for isolation and identification of bacteria on the basis of phenotypic characteristics on solid medium for the color, shape, surfaces, size, elevation, edges, opacity, and consistency. Common colony characteristics of bacteria Colony morphology of bacteria on the basis of the following features: Size Shape Elevation Margin or edge color Surface appearance Density Consistency Hemolysis  Odor Pigmentation Size It...

Introduction of Catalase Test Catalase test is used to differentiate those bacteria that produce this enzyme, such as staphylococci, from non-catalase producing bacteria such as streptococci. Principle of Catalase Test Catalase acts as a catalyst in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into nascent oxygen and water. This nascent oxygen causes bubbling. An organism is tested for catalase production by bringing it into contact with hydrogen peroxide. Bubbles of oxygen are released if the organism is a...

Introduction of Chocolate Agar (CHOC)  CHOC stands for Chocolate agar and it is a non-selective, enriched growth medium that is the lysed blood agar. The agar is named for its color when the red blood cells (RBCs) lysis gives the medium a chocolate-brown color without having chocolate products. It is used for the isolation of fastidious bacteria, such as Haemophilus influenzae, when incubated at 35-37°C in a 5% CO2  incubator. Tool and techniques for isolation of Haemophilus influenzae as shown below-...