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Introduction of D-Zone Test Putting clindamycin disk 15 mm away from the edge of an erythromycin disk is on an MHA plate incubating of organisms after 18–24 hours if shows flattening of the clindamycin zone of inhibition adjacent to the erythromycin disk appears as letter D zone and thus the test is called D-Zone test. It is applied for the detection of isolates whether inducible macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin B resistance (MLSBi), or constitutive macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin...

Introduction of Mice Footpad Injection Mice footpad injection is an important route of inoculation in mice models of disease and immunology.  Mice Footpad Injection or inoculation is a common experiment in Leprosy. As M. leprae cannot be cultured in-vitro but does grow on the footpads of mice, a conventional mouse colony was introduced to perform culture and sensitivity testing of M. leprae. In 1982 a nude mice colony was introduced to facilitate new drug trials for leprosy. Swiss Albino mice are the...

Introduction of Anaerobic Bacteria Cultivation Obligate anaerobes can not grow in the presence of oxygen i.e. air. These organisms (obligate anaerobic bacteria) die rapidly on exposure to air, therefore for maintaining anaerobiosis various methods have been devised for anaerobic culture. Principle for Anaerobic Bacteria Cultivation The mechanism of anaerobiosis achieves by the following methods- Displacement of oxygen Absorption of oxygen Combustion of oxygen or their combinations A deep nutrient agar tube is the simplest method. Anaerobes...