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Introduction of Mice Footpad Injection Mice footpad injection is an important route of inoculation in mice models of disease and immunology.  Mice Footpad Injection or inoculation is a common experiment in Leprosy. As M. leprae cannot be cultured in-vitro but does grow on the footpads of mice, a conventional mouse colony was introduced to perform culture and sensitivity testing of M. leprae. In 1982 a nude mice colony was introduced to facilitate new drug trials for leprosy. Swiss Albino mice are the...

Introduction of Anaerobic Bacteria Cultivation Obligate anaerobes can not grow in the presence of oxygen i.e. air. These organisms (obligate anaerobic bacteria) die rapidly on exposure to air, therefore for maintaining anaerobiosis various methods have been devised for anaerobic culture. Principle for Anaerobic Bacteria Cultivation The mechanism of anaerobiosis achieves by the following methods- Displacement of oxygen Absorption of oxygen Combustion of oxygen or their combinations A deep nutrient agar tube is the simplest method. Anaerobes...

Introduction of Colony Characteristics Colony characteristics or morphology of bacteria is the most common diagnostic method in bacteriology for isolation and identification of bacteria on the basis of phenotypic characteristics on solid medium for the color, shape, surfaces, size, elevation, edges, opacity, and consistency. Common colony characteristics of bacteria Colony morphology of bacteria on the basis of the following features: Size Shape Elevation Margin or edge color Surface appearance Density Consistency Hemolysis  Odor Pigmentation Size It...