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CAMP Test  to identify presumptively S. agalactiae The CAMP test uses to identify preemptively Streptococcus agalactiae. It was first described in 1944 by Christie, Atkins, and Munch-Petersen, and the CAMP test is an acronym of their names. Principle of CAMP Test The beta lysin produced by Staphylococcus aureus is sphingomyelinase in nature, which acts on the sphingomyelin present on the cell membrane of sheep red blood cells. This results in the formation of ceramide which is cleared...

Introduction of CRP Test CRP stands for C-Reactive Protein and it is a carbohydrate reactive protein. CRP test was so named because it was first identified as a substance in the serum of patients with acute inflammation that reacted with the somatic 'C' carbohydrate antigen of Pneumococcus. Discovered by Tillett and Francis in 1930. Synthesized by hepatocytes. CRP is an annular pentameric protein found in plasma, whose levels rise in response to inflammation. Molecular  Weight  25,106 Dalton.  An acute-phase protein of hepatic origin that increases following interleukin-6 secretion by macrophages as...

Introduction of Urease Test / Urea hydrolization Test / Urea Test The urease test is important for certain bacteria and fungi that possess the enzyme urease that hydrolyzes urea releasing ammonia into the medium. This produces a change in the pH of the medium that can be detected by the color change in the indicator dye. This test can be used to differentiate different groups of bacteria and fungi. Principle of Urease Test This test is...