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 Use of nigrosin stain  10% w/v  Nigrosin stain is a negative stain. It  uses for observation  of capsule. Capsule of organisms does not take stain and therefore clear halos surrounding the cells. It is clear as shown above picture. It uses for observation of various microorganisms capsules like Cryptococcus neoformans, Klebsiella pneumonie, Streptococcus pneumoniae, etc. Composition Following  are the ingredients of nigrosin stain. Nigrosin :  10.0 gm Formalin:  0.5 ml Distilled water:  100.0 ml Test Requirements...

Hospital acquired infection: Introduction, common pathogens, types of infections, transmission, prevention and treatment Introduction of Hospital acquired infection Hospital acquired infection (HAI) or nosocomial infecion and  health care- associated infection (HCAI) are the  synonyms of each other. It is  an infection that acquires  in a hospital  or other health care  facility like nursing home, rehabilitation centre OPD clinic or other clinic setting.It spreads to the susceptible patient in the clinical setting by various methods.By the health care staff ,  contaminated equipment,...

Dermatophyte: Introduction, lab diagnosis and treatment Dermatophyte Dermatophyte is a  pathogenic fungus that grows on skin, mucous membranes, hair, nails, and other body surfaces, causing ringworm and related diseases.. It is a group of three genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton. It causes infection called ringworm. Clinically ringworm is of following types depending on the site of body involved. Tinea axillaries (axilla),tinea barbae(beard area),tinea corporis(non-hair skin),tinea capitis( hanir and scalp),tinea cruris(groin),tinea pedis(foot).The most common ringworm in human...