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Taxonomic classification of  Phialophora ( Medlar in 1915) Kingdom: Fungi Phylum: Ascomycota Class: Euascomycetes Order: Chaetothyriales Family: Herpotrichiellaceae Genus: Phialophora Species: P. verrucosa, P. americana, P. bubakii, P. europaea, P. parasitica, P. reptans, P. repens, P.  richardsiae, and P. europaea. Note: Morphological features, such as the shape of the collarettes, organization of the phialides, the existence of chlamydospores, and biochemical features, such as the assimilation of melibiose help in the differentiation of the species from each other Habitats of  Phialophora Phialophora is a dematiaceous fungus that inhabits the soil, plants, and decaying...

Epidermophyton General features Epdidermophyton is one of the members of dermatophytes. Dermatophytoses (tinea or ringworm): It is the most common superficial mycosis affecting skin, hair, and nails. These are closely related keratinophilic fungi ( three genera, Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton), which are capable to invade keratinized tissues of the skin and its appendages and are correctively known as Dermatophytes. Characteristics of dermatophytes are as follows: Filamentous fungi, digest keratin. Do not invade living tissues. They are incapable of penetrating...

Introduction of Immunoglobulin Also called antibody Immunoglobulin is a glycoprotein that is made in response to an antigen and can recognize and bind to the antigen that caused its production. Protects us from microbial infection. Are gamma globulins Synthesized by plasma cells Constitute 25-30 % of total serum proteins Antibodies are present in serum, tissue fluids, and mucosal surfaces and on the surface of B-cells where they act as antigen receptors. The basic structure of  Antibody...