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Periodic acid Schiff’s (PAS) Stain: Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Result Interpretation
Introduction of Periodic acid Schiff’s (PAS) Stain Periodic acid Schiff’s (PAS) stain is used for the demonstration of basal membrane, fungus, differentiate mucin secreting adenocarcinoma from undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma. It is helpful in the diagnosis of different types of glycogen storage diseases, Paget’disease, macrophages in Whipples diseases, parasites, and amylase. Principle of Periodic acid Schiff’s (PAS) Stain Structures having 1-2 glycol or amino or alkyl grouping are oxidized by periodic acid. Free hydroxyl groups must be present...
Formal-Ether Concentration Technique: Introduction, Principle, Test Requirements, Test Procedure and Uses
Formal-Ether Concentration Technique The formal-Ether Concentration Technique is the recommended concentration technique. Most types of worm eggs (roundworms, tapeworms, schistosomes, and other fluke eggs), larvae, and protozoan cysts may be recovered by this method. Principle of Formal-Ether Concentration Technique This type of concentration technique clears its name using formalin and ether. Sedimentation techniques use solutions of lower specific gravity than parasitic organisms, thus concentrating the latter in the sediment. The formal-ether concentration technique takes advantage of the...
Sterilization Methods: Introduction, Commonest Techniques, Principle, Working mechanisms, Sterilization Control and Uses
Introduction of Sterilization Methods Sterilization is the process that effectively kills or eliminates transmissible agents (bacteria, fungi, virus, and prion) from the surface of the objects (equipment, foods, medications, or biological culture medium, etc). The various methods of sterilization are-1. Physical Method a. Thermal (Heat) methods b. Radiation method c. Filtration method and 2. Chemical Method a. Gaseous method. Among the above, the common sterilization methods are using hot air ovens and autoclaving, both are physical categories...