Dengue rapid test (RDT) uses for the detection of immunoglobulin G(IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) of past and present infection respectively as shown above picture. Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease and the dengue virus is transmitted by female mosquitoes mainly Aedes aegypti and, to a lesser extent, Aedes albopictus. Dengue is widespread throughout the tropics, with local variations in risk influenced by rainfall, temperature, relative humidity, and unplanned rapid urbanization. Severe dengue was first recognized in the 1950s during dengue epidemics in the Philippines and Thailand. Today, about half of the world’s population is now at risk. There are an estimated 100-400 million infections each year. The causative agent of dengue is a virus of the Flaviviridae family and there are four distinct serotypes of the virus that cause dengue DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4. Recovery from infection is believed to provide lifelong immunity against that serotype. However, cross-immunity to the other serotypes after recovery is only partial and temporary. Subsequent infections called secondary infection by other serotypes increase the risk of developing severe dengue. There is no specific treatment for dengue/severe dengue. Early detection of disease progression associated with severe dengue, and access to proper medical care lowers fatality rates of severe dengue to below 1%. Signs and symptoms of dengue-Dengue should be suspected when a high fever (104°F) is accompanied by 2 of the following symptoms during the febrile phase: severe headache, pain behind the eyes muscle, and joint pains, nausea, vomiting, swollen glands, and rash. Whereas in severe dengue- A patient enters what is called the critical phase normally about 3-7 days after illness onset. It is at this time, when the fever is dropping (<100°F) in the patient, that warning signs associated with severe dengue can manifest. It is a potentially fatal complication, due to plasma leaking, fluid accumulation, respiratory distress, severe bleeding, or organ impairment. Warning signs in severe dengue that doctors should look for are severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, rapid breathing, bleeding gums, fatigue, restlessness, and blood in vomit.
The Dengue IgG/IgM Rapid Test is a solid phase immunochromatographic assay for the rapid, qualitative, and differential detection of IgG and IgM antibodies to dengue virus in human serum, plasma, or whole blood.
This test is intended for professional use as an aid in the presumptive diagnosis of primary and secondary dengue infection.
The immune response includes IgM antibodies produced on the 3rd to 5th day of symptoms and persist for 30 to 60 days. IgGs appear on the 14th day and persist for life. Secondary infections often result in high fever and in many cases with hemorrhagic events and circulatory failure. Secondary infections show that IgGs rise within 1 to 2 days after the onset of symptoms and induce IgM response after 20 days of infection.
The Dengue IgG/IgM Rapid Test is designed to simultaneously detect and differentiate IgG and IgM antibodies to the dengue virus. This test also can detect all 4 dengue serotypes by using a mixture of recombinant dengue envelope proteins. The Dengue IgG/IgM test device has 3 pre-coated lines, “G” (Dengue IgG Test Line), “M” (Dengue IgM Test Line), and “C” (Control Line) on the surface of the membrane. All three lines in the result window are not visible before applying any samples. The “Control Line” is used for procedural control. The Control line should always appear if the test procedure is performed properly and the test reagents of the control line are working. A purple “G” and “M” lines will be visible in the result window if there are enough IgG and/or IgM antibodies to the dengue virus in the sample. If IgG and/or IgM antibodies to the dengue virus are not present in the sample, there is no color appearance in “G” and/or “M”. When a specimen is added to the sample well, anti-Dengue IgGs and IgMs in the specimen will react with recombinant dengue virus envelope proteins-colloidal gold conjugates and forms a complex of antigen-antibodies. As this complex migrates along the length of the test device by capillary action, it will be captured by the relevant anti-human IgG and or anti-human IgM immobilized in two test lines across the test device and generate a colored line.
1. Test kit contains
#Dengue IgG/IgM test device individually foil pouched with a desiccant
1 test strip includes –
Gold conjugates: Recombinant dengue virus envelope protein-gold colloid
Test Line “G”: Mouse monoclonal anti-human IgG,
Test Line “M”: Mouse monoclonal anti-human IgM
Control Line: Rabbit anti-dengue IgG
# Assay diluent ( 100 mM Phosphate buffer 5 mL with preservative, Sodium azide 0.01 % w/w)
#Capillary pipette 10 µL
#Package insert
2. Additional needed material, not provide are-
#Clock
#Specimen (serum/plasma)
#Lancet and alcohol pad for disinfection ( optional for spot sample collection)
#Waste bin