Acridine Orange Stained Chromatoid Bars of Entamoeba histolytica/ dispar: Introduction and Procedure

Acidine orange stained slide of chromatoid bars of E. histolytica or dispar

Chromatoid bar of E. histolytica

Fluorescence microscopy demonstrating acridine orange stained chromatoid bars of Entamoeba histolytica/ dispar as shown above image.

 Introduction of  Acridine orange

Acridine orange is a fluorochrome stain and uses the rapid identification of Trichomonas vaginalis, yeast cells, and clue cells in vaginal smears. It can also use to detect intracellular gonococci, meningococci, and other bacteria, particularly in blood cultures. Acridine orange is a fluorochrome that causes DNA to fluoresce green and RNA to fluoresce orange-red.

Procedure Of Acridine Orange Staining

  1. Cover the unfixed dried smear with the acridine orange acid stain for 5–10 seconds and smear fixes due to being fixative is contained in the stain.
  2. Now, wash off the stain, and decolorize the smear with alcohol saline solution for 5–10 seconds.
  3. Rinse the smear with physiological saline, and place the slide in a draining rack.
  4. Add a drop of saline or distilled water to the smear, and cover with a cover glass.

Observation 

Examine first with the 10X objective to see the distribution of fluorescing material, and then with the 40X objective to identifyTrichomonas vaginalis and to detect yeast cells, bacteria, and parasites( chromatoid bars of Entamoeba histolytica/ dispar).

Further Readings

  1. Bailey & Scott’s Diagnostic Microbiology. Editors: Bettey A. Forbes, Daniel F. Sahm & Alice S. Weissfeld, 12th ed 2007, Publisher Elsevier.
  2. District Laboratory Practice in  Tropical Countries  –  Part-2-   Monica Cheesebrough-   2nd Edn Update
  3. Clinical Microbiology Procedure Handbook Vol. I & II, Chief in editor H.D. Isenberg, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, Publisher ASM (American Society for Microbiology), Washington DC.
  4. Colour Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. Editors: Koneman E.W., Allen D.D., Dowell V.R. Jr, and Sommers H.M.
  5. Jawetz, Melnick and Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology. Editors: Geo. F. Brook, Janet S. Butel & Stephen A. Morse, 21st ed 1998, Publisher Appleton & Lance, Co Stamford Connecticut.
  6. Mackie and Mc Cartney Practical Medical Microbiology. Editors: J.G. Colle, A.G. Fraser, B.P. Marmion, A. Simmous, 4th ed, Publisher Churchill Living Stone, New York, Melborne, Sans Franscisco 1996.
  7.  Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Editors: P.R. Murray, E. J. Baron, M. A. Pfaller, F. C. Tenover and R. H. Yolken, 7th ed 2005, Publisher ASM, USA
  8.  Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. Editors: Connie R. Mahon, Donald G. Lehman & George Manuselis, 3rd edition2007, Publisher Elsevier.
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