Category: medical

Bacterial Toxins: Introduction and Differences between Exotoxins and Endotoxins

Bacterial toxins Exotoxins and endotoxins of bacterial toxins Bacterial toxins are of...

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Oxidative Fermentative (OF) Test: Introduction, Principle, Procedure ,Results Interpretation and Limitations

Oxidative-Fermentative (OF) Test determines if certain gram-negative bacilli metabolize glucose by fermentation or aerobic respiration (oxidatively). During the anaerobic process of fermentation, pyruvate is converted to a variety of mixed acids depending on the type of fermentation. The high concentration of acid produced during fermentation will turn the indicator, bromthymol blue present in  OF  basal medium from green to yellow in the presence(oxidatively) or absence of oxygen (fermentatively) .Some nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria metabolize glucose using aerobic respiration and therefore only produce a small amount of weak acids during  glycolysis and Krebs cycle. The decrease amount of peptone and increase amount of glucose helps the detection of weak acids so produced. Dipotassium phosphate buffer present in the medium is useful to further promote acid detection. It is also useful to test  nonsacchrolytic (have no ability to use the carbohydrate in the media) activities of organisms. Introduction of  Oxidative Fermentative  Test OF stands for Oxidative Fermentative...

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Staphylococcus aureus: Introduction, Pathogenecity, Lab Diagnosis and Treatment

Staphylococcus aureus on blood agar Introduction of Staphylococcus aureus Scientific classification of Staphylococcus aureus is...

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