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Catalase test : Introduction, Principle, Procedure , Result Interpretation and Precautions
Introduction of Catalase Test Catalase test is used to differentiate those bacteria that produce this enzyme, such as staphylococci, from non-catalase producing bacteria such as streptococci. Principle of Catalase Test Catalase acts as a catalyst in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into nascent oxygen and water. This nascent oxygen causes bubbling. An organism is tested for catalase production by bringing it into contact with hydrogen peroxide. Bubbles of oxygen are released if the organism is a...
Typhus: Introduction, types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment
Introduction of Typhus Typhus is a disease caused by bacteria called Rickettsia. Fleas, mites, lice, or ticks transmit it when they bite us. When arthropods carrying around Rickettsia bite, they transmit the bacteria that causes typhus. Scratching the bite further opens the skin and allows the bacteria greater access to the bloodstream. Once in the bloodstream, the bacteria continue to reproduce and grow. Types It is of three types endemic epidemic and scrub typhus: It is fully...
Modified Hodge Test for Carbapenemase Detection: Principle, Procedure and Result Interpretations
Principle of Modified Hodge Test Modified Hodge Test (MHT) is a simple phenotypic test for the detection of the presence of carbapenemase enzyme in bacteria. A positive MHT test is observed most commonly in Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), Metallo beta-lactamase (MBL), and the SME-1 in Serratia marcescens. Modified Hodge Test (MHT) has been suggested as screening tests for carbapenemases. It is based on the inactivation of a carbapenem by carbapenemase-producing strains i.e.test isolate that enables a carbapenem -susceptible...