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Introduction of Common Medical Parasites

Common Medical Parasites is a genuine puny collection of clinically relevant parasites isolated in the clinical parasitology laboratory by the creator and those etiological agents captured in his camera are only included.

List of Common Medical Parasites and their Causing Diseases

Ectoparasitic Diseases

• Myiasis: It is the infection of a maggot (fly larva ) in human tissue and occurs in tropical and subtropical areas.
• Pediculosis:  It is an infestation with the human louse. There are two subspecies, the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) and the body louse (Pediculus humanus humanus).
• Phthiriasis: It is the infestation of lid margins by the crab louse (Phthirus pubis). The causative agent is a blood-feeding obligate ectoparasite affecting only humans.
• Scabies: It is an itchy skin infestation caused by a tiny burrowing Sarcoptes scabiei (mite).  
• Trombiculosis: It is dermatitis caused by infestation with larval trombiculid mites (Neotrombicula autumnalis), commonly known as ‘chigger’ mites.

Helminthic Diseases 

• Ascariasis:  It is an infectious disease, caused by a parasite, Ascaris lumricoides, and its common name is roundworm.
• Cestodiasis:  It is also called Tapeworm Infestation, infestation with cestodes, a group of flattened and tape-like hermaphroditic worms that are human intestinal parasites producing larvae that may invade body tissues.
• Clonorchiasis: It is the liver fluke infection caused by Clonorchis sinensis and the infection is usually acquired by eating undercooked freshwater fish.
• Echinococcosis: It is a parasitic disease caused by dog tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus, and also called hydatid worm.
• Enterobiasis: It is a pinworm infection and it is a common, contagious, parasitic infestation found mainly in children caused by Enterobius vermicularis. Other names of the worm are threadworm and seatworm,
• Fascioliasis: It is a parasitic infection caused by Fasciola hepatica (mainly), and it is also known as the common liver fluke or the sheep liver fluke.
• Fasciolopsiasis: It is a parasitic infestation with the intestinal fluke, Fasciolopsis buski, which is acquired by eating aquatic plants or ingesting contaminated water.
• Filariasis: Filariasis is an infectious disease caused by nematodes of the Filarioidea type e.g. Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi,  Oncocerca volvulus, and Loa loa. These are spread by blood-feeding insects such as black flies and mosquitoes. The filarial worms reside in the subcutaneous tissues, lymphatic system, or body cavities of humans.
• Guinea worm disease: Guinea-worm disease or Dracunculiasis is a parasitic infection by the Guinea worm, Dracunculus medinensis. An individual becomes infected from drinking water that contains water fleas infected with guinea worm larvae.
• Heartworm disease: It is caused by heartworm microfilariae that die on their way through the skin. Even if they do get into our blood somehow, heartworms can’t mature and will eventually die off.
• Heterophyiasis: It is an infectious disease caused by the intestinal fluke Heterophyes heterophyes, which is acquired by eating infected raw or undercooked fish from freshwater or brackish water.
• Hookworm disease: It is caused by hookworm and it is an intestinal, blood-feeding, roundworm parasite that causes types of infection known as helminthiases and which is a common infection in countries with poor access to adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene. In humans, hookworm infections are caused by two main species of roundworm belonging to the genera Ancylostoma and Necator.
• Loiasis: It is also called African eye worm and it is caused by the parasitic worm Loa loa.
• Onchocerciasis: It is also known as river blindness. It is a neglected tropical disease caused by the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus and it is transmitted through repeated bites by blackflies (Simulium spp.).
• Paragonimiasis: It is a parasitic disease caused by Paragonimus westermannii . The common name of the etiological agents is a lung fluke or flatworm that infects the lungs of humans after eating an infected raw or undercooked crab or crayfish.
• Rat lungworm disease (angiostrongyliasis): It is an infectious disease caused by the parasite Angiostrongylus species (roundworm) that may create mild meningitis.
• Schistosomiasis: It is an acute and chronic parasitic disease caused by blood flukes or trematode worms of the genus Schistosoma.
• Strongyloidiasis: Strongyloidiasis is a parasitic disease caused by a nematode, or a roundworm, in the genus Strongyloides.
• Trichinosis: It is also called Trichinellosis, which is a disease that people can get by eating raw or undercooked meat from animals infected with the microscopic parasite Trichinella spiralis.
• Trichuriasis: It is a parasitic disease caused by Trichuris trichiura. Symptoms of this disease may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and, heavy infections, anemia, and undernutrition.

Protozoan Diseases 

• Amebiasis: It is a protozoan disease caused by  Entamoeba histolytica.
• Amebic dysentery: It is caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica.
• Babesiosis: It is a tick-borne, malaria-like illness caused by species of the intraerythrocytic protozoan Babesia
• Balantidiosis: It is a parasitic disease caused by a protozoan parasite, Balantidium coli, and swine are the main infection source.
• Blackwater fever: It is a complication of malaria (causative agent- Plasmodium species) consisting of a syndrome of febrile intra-vascular hemolysis with severe anemia and intermittent passage of dark-red to black color urine.
• Chagas disease: It is also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a tropical parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi.
• Coccidiosis: It is usually an acute invasion and destruction of the intestinal mucosa by protozoa, Eimeria, or Isospora.
• Giardiasis: Giardiasis is a diarrheal disease caused by the protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia.
• Leishmaniasis: It is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania donovani.
• Malaria: It is caused by the blood parasites, Plasmodium species.
• Sleeping sickness: Sleeping sickness is also called human African trypanosomiasis, which is a life-threatening disease caused by, Trypanosoma species.

Common Medical Parasites Text Links

Malarial parasites: Introduction, Life Cycle, Pathogenicity, Lab Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention

@ https://universe84a.com/collection/malarial-parasites/

Leishmaniasis: Introduction, classification, Pathogenesis, Lab Diagnosis, Treatment, and Control @

https://universe84a.com/collection/leishmaniasis/

Entamoeba histolytica: Introduction, Morphology, Life cycle, Pathogenesis, Lab Diagnosis, and Treatment @

https://universe84a.com/entamoeba-histolytica-introduction/

Giardia: Introduction, morphology, Life cycle, pathogenicity, lab diagnosis, and treatment@

https://universe84a.com/giardia/

Hookworm: Introduction, morphology, life cycle, Mode of Infection, Pathogenicity, Lab Diagnosis and Treatment @ https://universe84a.com/collection/hookworm/

Roundworm or Ascaris lumbricoides: Introduction, Morphology, Life Cycle, Pathogenesis, Lab Diagnosis, and Treatment@ https://universe84a.com/collection/adult-roundworm-ascaris-lumbricoides/

Tapeworm: Introduction, Morphology, Life Cycle, Clinical Features, Pathogenicity, Lab Diagnosis, and Treatment @ https://universe84a.com/collection/tapeworm/

Strongyloides: Introduction, Life cycle, Morphology, Symptoms, Lab Diagnosis, and Treatment @ https://universe84a.com/strongyloides-stercoralis/

Parasitic Infections Lab Diagnosis: Introduction, Importance, and Applications @https://universe84a.com/collection/parasitic-infections-lab-diagnosis/

OptiMAL Test for Rapid Diagnosis of Malarial Parasites: Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Result Interpretation, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes @ https://universe84a.com/optimal-test/

Filariasis: Introduction, Classification, Life Cycle, Clinical Features, Lab Diagnosis, Treatment, and Control @ https://universe84a.com/collection/filariasis/

Blood Parasites: Introduction, Pathogenicity, Lab Diagnosis, and Treatment@ https://universe84a.com/collection/blood-parasites/

Common Medical Parasites Visual Links

Giemsa Stained Amastigotes of Leishmania donovani in Bone Marrow@ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlRRk_ulHXA&t=10s

Malarial parasite Various Stages in PBS and their identification without Narration@ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7haZfwCm6YA&t=12s

Giardia trophozoite in Trichome Stained smear of Stool@ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQHFjEsKsvg&t=5s

Live Motile Medical Parasites Footages| Liver fluke| Strongylodes |Trichomonas@ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNhpXlFtRBQ&t=22s

Kito-Katz Method for detection and counting of human parasite eggs@ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3h2M7RbQ7c&t=8s

Cultured Human Parasites Microscopy at various magnifications@ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DYhu8azbc-E&t=10s

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Common Medical Parasites Visual Links