Entamoeba coli: Introduction, clinical presentation,Life cycle, Lab Diagnosis

Entamoeba coli: Introduction, Clinical Presentation, Life cycle, Lab Diagnosis and Prevention

Entamoeba coli in saline preparation of stool

Entamoeba coli in saline preparation of stool of a person cyst having more than 4 nuclei as shown above picture.

Introduction of Entamoeba coli

It is an intestinal unicellular organism and non-pathogenic amoeba.

Hosts

Humans are considered the main host

Geographic Distribution

Worldwide in distribution but prevalence is highest in areas with inadequate sanitation.

Clinical Presentation

It causes symptomatic disease in humans; colonization is noninvasive. However, the presence of trophozoites or cysts of non-pathogenic amebae in stool indicates that the person from whom the specimen was collected had fecal exposure.

Casual Agent

It is capable of colonizing the human gastrointestinal tract but, in contrast to E. histolytica, is not considered pathogenic. The non-pathogenic intestinal amebae include other than E. coli are E. hartmanni, and E. polecki, Endolimax nana, and Iodamoeba buetschlii.

Life Cycles of E. coli

E. coli is generally considered non-pathogenic and resides in the lumen of the large intestine in the human host. Both cysts and trophozoites of E. coli are passed in the stool and are considered diagnostic images. Cysts are typically found in the formed stool, whereas trophozoites are typically found in diarrheal stool. Intestinal colonization with nonpathogenic amebae occurs after ingestion of mature cysts in fecally contaminated food, water, or fomites. Excystation occurs in the small intestine; and trophozoites are released, which migrate to the large intestine. The trophozoites multiply by binary fission. They produce cysts, and both stages are passed in the feces. Because of the protection conferred by their cell walls, the cysts can survive days to weeks in the external environment and are responsible for transmission. Trophozoites passed in the stool are rapidly destroyed once outside the body. If ingested, would not survive exposure to the gastric environment.

Laboratory Diagnosis of E. coli

Microscopic Examination
Method: Wet mount preparation with normal saline and iodine for detection of cysts or trophozoites E. coli as shown above image
Permanent stain- trichrome stain, iron, and hematoxylin stain

Prophylaxis Of Entamoeba Histolytica

Personal prophylaxis:
Use of boiled drinking water
Not eating raw vegetables and fruits
Personal cleanliness and elementary hygiene

Community prophylaxis:
Effective sanitary disposal of feces
Protection of water supplies from fecal contamination
Avoidance of the use of human excrement as fertilizer

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