universe84a

Introduction of Incubator Incubator is an electrical device in which incubation process  is performed which conditions an enclosure to a predetermined temperature since it provides and maintains all artificial optimal conditions for growth of microbial culture as well as cell and tissue culture. Principle and working of incubators Incubators work on the  principle of thermo-electricity. It has a thermostat which maintains a constant temperature by creating a thermal gradient. When any conductor,an electrically-controlled switch used for...

Introduction of urine culture and sensitivity Urine culture test is useful to grow and identify organisms, mainly bacteria and fungi that may cause a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). Bladder urine is normally sterile and free from any organisms. UTIs are common in females and children than in adult males. The antibiotic sensitivity  test  (AST)  helps to select an appropriate antibiotic that is effective against specific types of bacteria or fungi causing any infection. [embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JkxKvvSkZ_k[/embed] When need...

Introduction of Periodic acid Schiff’s (PAS) Stain PAS stain  is used for the demonstration of basal membrane, fungus, differentiate mucin secreting adenocarcinoma from undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma. It is helpful in diagnosis of different type of glycogen storage diseases, Paget’disease, macrophages in Whipples diseases, parasites and amylase. Principle of PAS stain Structures having 1-2 glycol or amino or alkyl grouping are oxidized by periodic acid. Free hydroxyl groups must be present for oxidation. After complete oxidation,...